मंगलवार, 25 जून 2013

WHAT IS CATARACT?

WHAT IS CATARACT?  (I PART)

Cataract is the clouding of the lens of your eye that impairs vision .Cataract is responsible for more than half of blindness in the world ,which is a grim fact because it is a treatable condition.

WHAT CAUSES CATARACT ?

Advancing age is a primary reason for cataract .With age ,protein of the lens turns opaque .In the initial stage ,the lens bends light rays irregularly which requires prescription glasses of higher number to correct it.

other causes of cataract are metabolic disorders ,excessive exposure to sunlight ,life style disorders like heavy alcohol consumption and smoking .Injury to the eye can also lead to clouding of the lens of the eye .

Metabolic disorders



Metabolism is the process your body uses to get or make 

energy from the food you eat. Food is made up of proteins, 
carbohydrates, and fats. Chemicals in your digestive system
 break the food parts down into sugars and acids, your 
body's fuel. Your body can use this fuel right away, or it can 
store the energy in your body tissues, such as your liver, 
muscles, and body fat.
A metabolic disorder occurs when abnormal chemical 
reactions in your body disrupt this process. When this 
happens, you might have too much of some substances or
 too little of other ones that you need to stay healthy.
You can develop a metabolic disorder when some organs, 
such as your liver or pancreas, become diseased or do not 
function normally. Diabetes is an example.


WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF CATARACT ?

Cataract can make simple day to day living difficult .The symptoms are :

(1)The vision becomes cloudy ,blurry or foggy .

(2)Progressive nearsightedness in older people .

Nearsightedness, or myopia, as it is medically termed, is a 

vision condition in which close objects are seen clearly, but 

objects farther away appear blurred.

(3)Changes in the way you see colour because the lens acts as a filter .

(4 )Problems driving at night such as glare from oncoming headlights .

(5 )Double vision (like a suprimposed image).

(6 )Sudden changes in glasses prescription.

How Cataract Is Treated ?

When cataract is formed ,surgery is the only way to treat it .In cataract surgery ,the surgeon removes the clouded lens and puts an Intra Ocular Lens (IOL) in your eyes .Your vision will be as good as pre -cataract surgery ,though you may need to wear glasses .Over the years ,cataract surgery has moved from vision restoration to refractive surgery ,so that you may have reduced need of glasses.

  1. Images for pictures related to normal and cataract vision

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Surgical Techniques

Micro  Incision Cataract Surgery

Over the years the size of corneal incision made during cataract surgery has considerably reduced leading  to improved visual outcome & quicker post procedure recovery for the patient .

(1)Requires a very small incision of about 2mm.  

(2)Cataract is emulsified into small pieces by Phaco and a foldable IOL is implanted.

  Phacoemulsification cataract surgery is a procedure in 

which an ultrasonic device is used to break up and then 

remove a cloudy lens, or cataract, from the eye to improve 

vision. The insertion of an intraocular lens (IOL) usually 

immediately follows phacoemulsification.

(3)Walk -in ,Walk -0ut procedure .

(4)Stitchless ,bloodless ,painless surgery .

(5)Heals very quickly.

Small Incision Ctaract Surgery (SICS)

(1)Requires a smaller incision of   about 2 mm.

(2)Cataract is removed manually and foldable intraocular 

lens 

(IOL) is implanted .

(3)No stitches .

(4)Heals fast.

CONVENTIONAL   CATARACT SURGERY OR EXTRA CAPSULAR CATARACT EXTRACTION (ECCE)

(1)Requres an incision of 10 -12 mm.

(2)The cloudy eye lens is removed in one piece .

(3)A hard plastic lens is implanted .

(4 )Multiple stitches are required .

(5 )Final glass prescription could take 6-10 weeks.

Conventional surgery 

10 -12 mm .incision (Multiple Stitches)

Phacoemulsification 

3mm.incision (Stitchless).

Cataract Surgery Pictures Videos

Cataract Surgery
Real time cataract surgery using state of the art techniques as of Jan 2009
Cataract surgery
Cataract surgery
Modern Cataract Surgery
This is an example of small-incision cataract 

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